繼續教育考題
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1.
(B) |
Which of the following
is the most common used definition of massive hemoptysis? |
A | Hemoptysis more than 300 cc
within 24-48 hours |
B | Hemoptysis more than 600 cc
within 24-48 hours |
C | Hemoptysis more than 1000 cc
within 24-48 hours |
D | None of the above |
2.
(D) |
Which of the following
blood components are most appropriate in the transfusion therapy for
massive hemoptysis with hemorrhage shock? |
A | Packed RBC and fresh frozen
plasma (FFP) |
B | Whole blood and
cryoprecipitate |
C | Packed RBC and platelets |
D | Whole blood and fresh frozen
plasma (FFP) |
3.
(A) |
Which of the following
descriptions of massive hemoptysis is WRONG? |
A | Massive hemoptysis accounts
for only 25% of all cases of hemoptysis |
B | Bronchogenic carcinoma should
be high in the list among smokers >40 yrs of age |
C | Febrile conditions with
pulmonary infections (lung abscess, necrotizing pneumonia) may be
complicated by massive hemoptysis |
D | Bronchial adenoma, vascular
anomalies, and aspiration of foreign bodies are very common causes
of hemoptysis among children |
4.
(B) |
For the source of
bleeding, the great majority of hemoptysis originates from: |
A | Pulmonary arteries |
B | Bronchial arteries |
C | Intercostal arteries |
D | Internal thoracic
arteries |
5.
(D) |
About TB-associated
massive hemoptysis, which statement below is true? |
A | TB remains the most frequent
among the infectious etiologies of massive hemoptysis |
B | Aspergilloma should be
included in the differential diagnostic work-up in patients with
prior diagnosis of cavitary or bullous diseases |
C | Patients with pulmonary TB may
bleed from Rasmussen's aneurysm caused by erosion of blood vessels
deprived of lateral support or by bronchopulmonary anastomosis
within the wall of old cavities |
D | All of the above |
6.
(D) |
Which of the following
descriptions about the management of massive hemoptysis is
true? |
A | All patients should be
monitored in the ICU |
B | Worsening hypoxemia should be
corrected by high-flow oxygen |
C | The indications of intubation
include refractory hypoxemia, hypovolemic shock, CO2 retention |
D | All of the above |
7.
(D) |
Which of the following
descriptions is true for the medical therapy of hemoptysis? |
A | IV Transamine and pitressin
can be useful |
B | The patient should be placed
on lateral decubitus toward the site of bleeding to prevent
aspiration into the contralateral lung |
C | Cough-suppressing drugs can be
added as an adjunct therapeutic measure |
D | All of the above |
8.
(D) |
Which of the following
descriptions about the bronchoscopy for massive hemoptysis is
true? |
A | The ideal timing is still
controversial, but the consensus is to perform urgent bronchoscopy
in patients with rapid clinical deterioration |
B | Delayed bronchoscopy (within
24-48 hrs of admission) is preferred in stable patients |
C | The oxygen flow should be
adjusted to maintain adequate oxygen saturation during the
procedure |
D | All of the above |
9.
(C) |
Which description is
WRONG regarding the bronchial artery embolization (BAE) for the
management of massive hemoptysis? |
A | Is now considered the most
effective non-surgical treatment in massive hemoptysis |
B | The success rate within 24 hrs
was high; but about 16% of patients may have recurrent bleeding
within one year |
C | No serious complications are
associated with this procedure in patients without bleeding
tendency |
D | Failure of bronchial artery
embolization is mainly attributable to non-bronchial collateral
arteries from phrenic, intercostal, or subclavian arteries |
10.
(D) |
Which description is
true regarding the surgical management of massive hemoptysis? |
A | The surgical mortality rate,
defined as death within 7 days of the operation, has varied between
1% and 50% |
B | Surgery is contraindicated in
patients with lung carcinoma invading trachea, the mediastinum, the
heart, or great vessels |
C | Surgery remains the procedure
of choice for leaky aortic aneurysm, arteriovenous malformations,
chest injuries, bronchial adenoma, and fungal ball |
D | All of the
above |